http://www.guerrillanews.com/dangerous/hw_script.html
THE MOST DANGEROUS GAME…”The Most Dangerous Game traces the history of top-secret CIA mind control operation
MK-ULTRA: from the covert importation of NAZI scientists at the end of WWII, to
the illegal brainwashing experiments conducted on the patients of world famous
psychiatric researcher, Dr. Ewen Cameron - cut to the pulsing hypnotica of
Mitchell Akiyama.”
DR. HARVEY
WEINSTEIN
CLINICAL PROFESSOR
School of Public Health, UC Berkeley
Please
introduce yourself.
My name is
Harvey Weinstein, I’m the Associate Director of the Human Rights Center at the
University of California, Berkeley and a Clinical Professor in the School of
Public Health.
Great. I’d
like to start off by asking you about the whole notion of mind control. I know
you have had a great deal of exposure to the concept due to your own personal
experience. But do you remember a time before you had any notion of the fact
that governments had been experimenting in the realm of mind control? Do you
remember that time?
Sure. That was
prior to 1979.
What
happened in 1979?
In 1979 I read
a review of a book in the NY Times Magazine. It was a book by John Marks called
The Search For The Manchurian Candidate, in which he revealed the secret
CIA-funded experimentation program called MK-ULTRA. And, it was in the review
if that book that I realized for the first time that my father had been a
victim of that particular program.
Now, it’s
interesting because obviously your father would have had a medical history,
upon which was based very standard clinical assumptions about his condition.
How did it become clear that MK-ULTRA was linked to your father, that he was
not suffering from some natural phenomena? And how did your whole investigation
move forward from there? Well, my father do you want the whole story? No, you can
just give us an abbreviated version.
Basically I had
become a psychiatrist to find out what had happened to my father. And, even
though by 1979 I had finished medical school, done psychiatric training and
practiced as a psychiatrist, I still had never quite figured out the pieces of
the puzzle as to why someone who one month was relatively OK, within 3 months
after that, was someone who’s mind didn’t work anymore. And, the realization
that there was something else going on that was over and above what I would
find in the psychiatric literature, sort of opened my eyes to the fact that
there was that it was a much more complicated explanation that I had ever
dreamed of before.
Formulating
from your mind as a psychiatrist, what do you think the intention and goal was
of those who authored these programs? I mean, are they inherently anti-humane
in their nature or is there a scientific desire for truth which precedes our
humanity for each other? Do you know what I’m saying?
Yes, I do. I
think that the goal for those people who planned the program was very
straightforward. It was an attempt to figure out a way to interrogate people
and to develop procedures so that people couldn’t hide anything, in terms of
interrogation of any kinds of secrets. Secondly, that it was an attempt to
learn how people’s behavior could be changed so that they would do what someone
was bidding them to do, in particular, a government organization. Those were
the people working for the CIA, Army or Air Force Intelligence. For the
physicians or the scientists involved, I think it was probably a complex series
of motivations. One was that there were people who felt that they wanted to
learn as much as they could about how to change human behavior. That, in Ewen
Cameron’s case, it was an attempt to understand schizophrenia. That if he could
develop these methods that would wipe people’s brains clean and teach them new
ways of being, then he would probably be well on his way to win a Nobel Prize.
For other people it was an opportunity, at some level, to exercise power over
others and I can’t tell you about any particular individual but it would seem
to me that given the nature of some of the experiments, including what were
called terminal experiments, there were major power issues involved over
controlling someone else.
In
reference to your father’s case, in particular, what were some of the forms of
technology that were deployed, mind science technologies, that you know of?
Wellin terms of
"technology"----
I mean,
that’s a harsh word
Yeah.
Basically, he was using at the time, what was sort of high tech sound
techniques. He was using multiple kinds of loop recorders to force people to
listen to recorded messages 24 hours a day, for weeks on end, with multiple
loud speakers and pillow speakers, and stuff that had not been done before. The
other, I suppose, technologies that were used was excessive shock treatments
with the latest in equipment to basically destroy people’s thinking patterns.
So now,
when they would use these types of de-patterning, I think they called it what
was it? De-Patterning
and Psychic Driving. Can you explain, clinically, what happens to the mind
when you have this recurring pattern driven into someone’s mind?
No, I can’t
explain. What I can tell you is that if you use massive shock treatment, and if
you give people massive doses of drugs, such as PCP, or Mescaline, or
Amphetamines, or LSD, or the other things that Cameron used I would suspect
that you destroy the normal physiological pathways of synaptic transmission.
And basically what, clinically--what you see is someone who is an organic
preparation, they can’t think. Their mind - if you want to think of it in terms
of a spirit, or soul - is gone. You just have a physiological preparation which
can be fed, which can urinate and defecate, but an ability to motivate, to
think, to act in any kind of purposeful fashion is wiped out. So basically what
Cameron was trying to do was to turn the mind, turn the brain into a tabula
rasa, something that he could etch his own programming onto. In point and
fact, it wasn’t successful for lots of different reasons. But, that was what he
was trying to do.
Good.
Thanks. Now I guess there are lots of theories about whether Cameron was
contacted by the CIA what time they came together and where that relationship
emanates from. What do you think the CIA’s elemental desire was? What could the
intelligence community have gained from this type of research?
Well,
ultimately they didn’t gain anything, that’s the bottom line. What they thought
they were going to gain at that time was this ability to control people and
also to learn how to protect their own agents against control by others. Those
were the two major goals for these services. And it wasn’t just the CIA, it was
the military intelligence in the United States, it was military intelligence in
Canada, it was intelligence in Great Britain, and other countries as well. This
was in the, you know, the midst of the Cold War. It was after the Korean War
and during a time when about 8,000 American POWS had given false confessions,
and there was a concern that Communists would be able to take over our people.
So that was the goal. But it was very clear, very soon, that what the
Communists had done was basically develop psychological methodologies using
peer pressure, in which people were so debilitated and so afraid, that they
would do anything to escape from a very negative situation. But the CIA didn’t
pay much attention to that and continued to look for these drugs in other sort
of major traumatic interventions for years and years afterwards.
Cool. Let
me ask you, was there a point in our history I guess we look at the history and
this is outside of the realm of just clinical---but was there was a point in
military research where it went from weapons against civilians, that were like
bombs, artillery to point where they moved to a psychological warfare? Do you
think this was the dawning of that age, or do you think we’ve always had a
fascination, psychologically, with control? You know what I’m saying, like -
You have
multiple questions there. Um, first of all, if you look at military operations
in this century. At the beginning of this century wars were 90% of the
casualties of war were military. And, in current wars, 90% of the casualties
are civilian. So there has been, over the last 100 years, a real shift towards
who is affected by war. That’s one thing. Secondly, the phenomenon of
psychological operations, Psy Ops. I think that that is something that, again,
probably has evolved since - primarily since the second World War. I think it
was there to some degree earlier, but it has certainly been the case in
guerrilla operations, which are the major wars that we have in the world
nowadays, and insurgency operations and rebel movements. It certainly was true
with respect to the Cold War where there was increasing attention paid to the
use of intelligence operatives, and attempts to find out what other people
knew. Remember it was Harry Truman, I think, in 1947 who set-up the forerunner
of the Central Intelligence Agency for the first time, and it was only in the
early 1940s that the United States Government, for the first time, became aware
that it didn’t have an intelligence-gathering apparatus and that’s when the
Office of Strategic Services was set up. So that, it’s relatively recent in
terms of American history, although I suspect that well, I know that people
have been interrogating people for hundreds and hundreds of years.
Right,
right.
People
certainly know about the Spanish Inquisition, for example.
Just for
historical reasons, can you just give us a brief statement about who Ewen
Cameron was and what was happening at the Allan Memorial Institute in Montreal?
Just a brief synopsis
Sure. Ewen
Cameron was probably the foremost psychiatrist of his time in the 1950s. He was
Chair of Psychiatry at McGill University and Director of Allen Memorial
Institute. He was, at one time, President of the American Psychiatric
Association, the Canadian Psychiatric Association, the World Psychiatric
Association, and others. So he was one of the preeminent psychiatric physicians
during that era. He was someone who was very concerned about schizophrenia and
about providing mental health services to people. So, at one level, the origins
of his interests were very strongly positive in terms of aiding his patients.
He also was one of the people who was called as a witness during the Nuremberg
trials. He evaluated Rudolph Hess, and came to the conclusion, among others,
that Hess was sane and competent to stand trial. However, in a series of papers
that he wrote after that, one of his conclusions was that social and behavioral
scientists must take control of these disordered personalities and the people
who have the capability of inflicting danger on others, such as Nazis. In other
words, that social and behavioral scientists should have a say in basically the
reordering of the world. What he took from the Nuremberg trials, I think, was a
kind of a sense of power and, based on expertise, which I think led to some of
the misuses of power that he used later on.
Let’s talk
about, again, sort of bring us up to date What was the evolution of his
research, his anti-humane research that occurred at Allan Memorial and his
connection to the CIA?
Well, I think
the evolution of his research, as I said, was based on his desire to cure
schizophrenia. And, the story goes, he was actually taping a session with a
patient on day, a woman, and began to play it back to her. And, as he played it
back to her she got more and more anxious until she bolted out of his office
and he thought to himself: gee, if he makes people listen to what they say maybe
he can force them to change their behaviors. So he tried this and discovered
that he couldn’t force people to sit in the room and listen and then he had to
figure out a way to make them listen. And that led to the development of this
process called De-Patterning. In other words, if you destroy someone’s brain,
if you, as he said, develop a tabula rasa, then they would be forced to
listen to these messages, these recordings. Then he decided that it was
important to try to move beyond just a tape recording of the patient to, sort
of, multiple messages and different kids of ways and he became more and more
sophisticated at doing that and, in fact, one of his papers refers to a
phenomenon called "group pressure," which, again, was something that
people were becoming aware of as a result of the Korean War and what had
happened with Communist POWs. That there was a phenomenon in which brainwashing
could occur based on, sort of, the group that one was involved with. So when
you begin to look at his experimental procedures, you begin to see more and
more of a relationship to what was becoming common knowledge as a result of the
Communist brainwashing techniques.
When do you
think the US intelligence services became linked to him?
Um, I think
that the grant that he got, I can’t remember exactly, it think it’s in the
mid-50s, early 50s. And the way that happened was John Gittinger, who was a
psychologist working for the CIA as part of the MK-Ultra program, read one of
Cameron’s papers about - I think it was the one on psychic driving, or it may
have been the one on de-patterning - but in any case, he read about it and he
contacted Ewen Cameron, again, in the 50s, and that began the process whereby
the CIA’s front organization began to fund those procedures.
Now, a lot
of people have connected the historical roots of mind control and the modern
application of mass marketing techniques like, Christopher Simpson who wrote
"The Science of Coercion" - and the idea that there is, literally,
this "science of coercion" which emanates from the Nazis. Obviously
not originating with the Nazis since most basic organized religion is a form of
brainwashing and mass mind control but through the Nazi propaganda techniques.
Which then comes back to America in the form of advertising culture. Do you see
modern day media with all its repetitive messaging as a form of psychic
driving? Do you think that there is a link between them
Well, I’m not -
I wouldn’t say I’m anywhere near an expert, at all, in sort of the social
psychology of ‘selling’. It is clear that commercials work because people buy
goods based upon what they read about. I think that the work that Cameron and
others was doing is more akin to torture than it is to - and brainwashing, I
think, is torture - than it is to this sort of broad movement of selling goods
and materials. There was a paper that was written by Farber, Harlowe and West
very interesting in the early 1950s and basically it was a paper that described
what it was that the Communists did in their brainwashing techniques and it
depended on three different variables: debility, dependency and dread. If you
put someone in a position of being disabled by not feeding them, or not
allowing them to sleep, or overwhelming them with sound, if you put them in
periods of darkness, if you make them dependent on you as the jailer, or the
interrogator so that they, if they, if they want to go to the bathroom they
have to get your permission to do that. And if you do this in a way where they
can’t predict from one minute to another what is going to happen next, so
they’re always dreading. There’s no consistency to what’s going to happen,
anybody can be can be put in a position of being open to brainwashing, that was
sort of a seminal paper. And it’s very interesting that a couple of years ago I
was asked to look at some of the material from the School of the Americas, and
some of the interrogation materials that they had in the manuals, and what I
found in there was that it echoed exactly, word for word, what the Farber,
Harlowe & West article said, and this is, you know, forty years later. So
the striking thing is that much of this material has permeated torture
techniques, interrogation techniques around the world up to the present day.
That’s
amazing because, really, what you talk about there, it really applies to some
of the assertions made by the Project Monarch people, where there’s food
deprivation, sleep deprivation, and they’re made highly suggestible. Remind me what Project
Monarch - Project Monarch was is a mind control research project that
emanates from MK-Ultra, but is based around aspects of Himmler’s research in
Nazi Germany. What Himmler actually discovered was that children who had been
exposed to major forms of trauma - sexual trauma before the age of 5, like
pedophilia, or ritual trauma, like in satanic cults, these children were - a.)
they had higher abilities because their survival mechanisms were enhanced, so
they could see better, they were stronger. And these, in some histories, were
considered to be the ‘master race’ that Hitler was actually looking for because
they were, these people were from the north where they had very inbred
families. And b) that these children were perfect candidates for
compartmentalization due to the mind’s defense to the trauma they were
enduring. And so anyway, this emanates to modern day when the US Government, in
a very covert project, came to look for children of pedophiles to see if they
could find the same aspects--
I remember
that.
And this
one woman, Cathy O’Brien, was, in fact, ‘recruited’ out of a family run child
porn ring. Yeah, now, has anybody ever -I remember hearing about this - has
anybody ever actually found documents that document something called
"Project Monarch." I don’t think there are any specific documents
with a Monarch letterhead on them. Because it was a covert, illegal operation
but we have, we’ve got an incredible history of her, particularly with her and
Gerald Ford, her with Reagan. She was involved in Monarch was developed for the
covert ops aspect of the CIA. In other words, people who were involved in,
let’s say drug smuggling and prostitution who they wanted to be kept in check.
Control of these individuals could be maintained through trauma-based mind
control and compartmentalization of the mind. That’s why they talk about
satanic cults being actually used as networks for drug smuggling because the
ritual-based there’s a ritualistic, trauma-based control in it. Now, it gets
into this whole thing that echoes much of what you have said about the use of sound
and those elements of the Farber, Harlowe paper. I have hung out with them and
while it seems hard to believe at first, they have pretty a pretty strong case.
That they were actually using harmonic equipment from NASA on Cathy and her
daughter. And at one point during her trial to get custody of her daughter they
invoked the National Security Act because of the nature of what they were
talking about. But, I mean, what you’re talking about is--that’s a whole other
story. What we are trying to discover is the historical foundation of mind
control research in the intelligence community. What I’m going to ask you next
is from the standpoint of your knowledge about the study of people for mind
science applications and then your current work in the study of human rights
around the world, is there a point when people’s human rights are breached by
being studied as a species? Because it’s one thing when you jail someone, and
it’s another when actually start to poke around with subliminal advertising and
putting messages in media. How do you look at that?
Well, people’s
- one of the basic human rights is you have the right not to be the recipient
of torture, to be experimented upon. And so that’s led to the whole phenomenon
of informed consent. The Nuremberg trials laid down the conditions under which
people can be experimented upon, and certainly I think that Ewen Cameron and
other people totally ignored this whole process at that time. In the work that
I do, I am - some of what I have done is to document torture, and to work with
torture survivors. It’s quite clear that state-sponsored oppression is found
worldwide. Amnesty International has documented that more than 100 countries
currently practice torture, and so we have a phenomenon whereby, within our
within humanity, we have people who inflict pain or degradation on other people
in order to intimidate, isolate, extract information, and a variety of other
goals that certainly have wide-spread results and wide-spread responses on the
individuals, their families and their communities. I don’t think this is new,
torture has been practiced for a long time. Where it perhaps became unique was
in the involvement of intelligence services in using these techniques which
certainly destroyed human dignity, which is the principle upon which human
rights are based, and which ultimately resulted in long-term destruction of
various people’s brains, like my father. So, that was probably the most
significant change in the 50s, 60s and 70s.
Could the
study of the human mind. Wait, let me back up. In psychology we have the whole
structural fragmentation there’s been there’s the whole Freudian approach, then
there’s Jungian and these are in a sense evolutions in the study of the
technology of the mind. I look at technology in computers and microchips as one
thing, but I think of the mind and it’s synapses and the atomic structure, that
the fact that the mind isn’t located in one place - Or in every place. Or
in every place, right. No, beautiful. Isn’t that the next technological advance,
to move into the body as a form of technology? Or is that too, too barren of an
interpretation?
Well, I’m not
sure I understand your question but there is no question that technology has
certainly entered the field of psychiatry in a very big way because of the
newer neuro-imaging techniques whether they’re PET scans or whatever. The fact
is that now we can actually look at different parts of the brain, give stimuli,
and see them light up. The question that sort of remains to be discovered is:
what is the meaning of that ‘lighting up’, and what does it tell us about how
the actions of those neurons or those neuro-transmitters or those synapses
actually affect human thinking in human behavior. But, it’s very apparent to me
that technology is actually very quickly moving into helping us discern more
clearly what are the basic biological elements of human behavior.
Right. Now
when you think of the mind for example there was this concept that if a child
has received heavy trauma before the age of five, that they compartmentalize
some of their memories. This compartmentalization and the blockage of the mind
of its own memories, can you explain a little bit of why, you know?
No, I actually
don’t want to get into that discussion
OK. ---because it’s leads
us to things like false memory syndrome and other things that I just don’t want
to get into. That’s fine I appreciate that.
Then I
guess my next question is that, we say we only use 10 % of our mind and I
wonder what this really means. What’s your personal view of the mind and what
our next level of exploration will be? Do you see it as an unlimited realm,
where we can move into it almost like a form of space where we travel, and
begin to investigate new aspects of it, or do you think we’ve basically really figured
it out and hit the extent of our knowledge about the mind?
Well, I don’t
think that we’ve figured out what’s going on with the mind. I think that what
we have discovered in recent years that many of our earlier theories, whether
they were Freudian or Neo-Freudian, or whatever, have biological bases. I think
- take the phenomenon of sleep, we now know so much more about the architecture
of sleep than we ever did before. We know that certain, sort of, psychiatric
syndromes, whether it’s Obsessive Compulsive Disorder or depression, seem to
have biochemical roots. I’m not someone who thinks that it’s all in the
biochemistry because I think that there are environmental, social
vulnerabilities, and social and psychological pressures external, which may in
fact interact with the biology to produce these syndromes. I don’t think we
know enough at all about what that means. So, I think that we’re sort of still
on the frontier of this science of the mind. I think that one concern I have is
that we focus so much on the biology that we forget that we live in a world
where we’re impacted by everyday life, and that that has effects as well. And
then the real trick is trying to relate those two phenomena, the
social/environmental and the biological.
Last major
question: Oftentimes scientific advances, at least in the realm of health, are
advanced at the expense of an animal or, in some cases, a human being. In some
ways, is there ever justification for - Justification for experimenting on humans? Right.
Well, I think
that’s an interesting question. I was once asked whether I thought that the
results of the Nazi experiments on humans in concentration camps, whether those
results should be used, because perhaps they could be useful, I’m not convinced
they haven’t been used, in fact. My own response to that is, no, they shouldn’t
be used. That if the kinds of work that motivate that research need to be done,
they should to be done, again, with informed consent in ways that protect
people. I think that there’s much that we can’t do on animals. I think we try
to do computer models, we attempt to experiment in lots of different ways, but
I think sometimes you have to use humans, for example, in clinical trails of
drugs, etc. to see if they’re going to be efficacious. But, the bottom line is
no one should ever be experimented upon unwittingly. People should have a very
clear understanding of the costs and benefits of any experiment they choose to
participate in. People should not be experimented upon when they want, desire and
need treatment; they should know the difference between treatment and research.
Investigators must be very clear about the difference between treatment and
research. This concept of therapeutic experimentation is one that I find very
troublesome. I think that the issues of power that are involved in the role of
being a clinician, or being a researcher working on human subjects, are
critical. I think Human Subjects Committees have to be vigilant and constantly
need to - we constantly need to revisit what is that they do because the bottom
line is protecting people from ever going through what my father did.
Amazing. I
have one more thing that was beautiful. I think that you just gave us the
definitive list of the guidelines for a reformed mental health sector. You
travel to countries like Indonesia. I have been around the world several times
my self and am so struck by how our world is so fragmented, to the point where
someone could be experiencing one reality in one region and so different a
reality in another. I mean, if we look at the mind of Earth, the mind of our
species, is it incredibly isn’t it so fragmented itself? I mean, do you ever
look at the world as a mind in itself, divided, compartmentalized by it’s
traumatic experience? Is it that crazy to think of it that way, that we all
share I mean if you talk about Jung’s collective unconscious that, we do all
share one mind and are all just shards of glass, and thus are part of one
window, what is the state of the collective unconscious right now?
(laugh) I don’t
have a clue!
Right,
right.
I’m not sure
how to answer your question. As I go to different places around the world, you
know, and I’m leaving for Bosnia on Saturday, just came back from Indonesia a
couple of weeks ago, there are several things that strike me. One is that
people are people, and that they value many of the same things, wherever you
go, no matter what the culture is, no matter what the language is that they
speak. What’s also unfortunately common is these abuses of power, and the
techniques people use to maintain power, whether it’s torture or oppression, or
disappearances, or murders, or rape, or whatever, unfortunately you see those
across cultures. I think that those of us in the US, or Canada, or wherever,
many people walk around with blinders on. That, at some level, they’re aware
that there are health disparities, or social disparities, we choose to try to
ignore them as much as possible, and that’s in our own countries. What we
choose to ignore, even more so, are the incredible, painful deprivation and
degradations that much of the world experiences. You know, there almost 50
million refugees and internally displaced people in the world, and it seems to
me that most of the west refugee policy is based on keeping people out, rather
than trying to protect people, and those people go through enormous, enormous
deprivations and privations, and horrors, that most of us don’t even want to
think about. If we actually believe in any kind of communitarian philosophy, or
any kind of sense that we are in a world together, I think that we’re letting
people down. It’s incredible to me how little people in this country know
what’s happened to Liberia, Sierra Leone, Guinea, Ethiopia, Eritrea, Rwanda,
people sort of follow the news only for so long then they choose to forget.
Unfortunately, there are people who’s daily lives are filled with social
suffering, and we don’t want to hear much about social suffering, and if people
come to this country who have suffered, we want to treat them and make them
well, and make them forget as fast as possible. Of course we want them to
express their feelings first, and then forget. There’s a real disconnect
between the way that we live in the West and the way most of the world
experiences life.
True true,
and this is the last, and you can go. Is this need to block out, a form of
survival? Do we, in some ways, block ourselves from the whole experience to
keep ourselves what’s that natural inclination toward insulation?
I
think it’s denial. I think, yes, it’s a way of making sure that we are
comfortable in our own existence. You know, humanitarian aid agencies talk
about compassion fatigue, how much can people give money to CARE, or
Save The Children? We go from one crisis to another, and then you just don’t want
to hear about it anymore. I think that’s a tragedy, because we go from one
acute crisis to another and forget that in between those acute crises we forget
that the crises are still occurring, they’re just not reaching the public’s
attention by the media. We do have a tendency, I think that it’s normal, we
want to live our lives and comfortably and securely as possible, and also some
of what’s happening to folks is so awful. It’s acutely painful, I mean, some of
the work I do, I hear stories that are horror stories, and you do want to
maintain distance. On the other hand, you have to empathize with what these
people are experiencing and recognize that it could happen to you. One of the
things the first time I went to Bosnia, I mean, people kept telling me, you
know, we were just like you, we went for Sunday drives.cuts off