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Subversion is an action which
gathers the whole of the psychological means having for goal discredit and
the fall of the capacity established on politically or militarily coveted
territories (Volkoff, 1986; Durandin,
1993). It aims at causing a process of degeneration of the authority while
a group eager to seize the power begins in a "revolutionary" war
(Mucchieli, to see Volkoff,
1986). A state can use subversion in order to create chaos in a foreign
country is for political or military reasons. It is the base of terrorism
and the guerrilla.
The objectives of subversion are:
1-to demoralize the population and to disintegrate the groups which make it
up, 2 discredited the authority and 3 to neutralize the masses to prevent
any general intervention in favour of the established order (Mucchieli, to see Volkoff,
1986). Subversion uses the media of masses to handle the public opinion via
"publicity" that the news grants to him after spectacular actions
(Mucchieli, to see Volkoff,
1986). This publicity occurs because it causes at the listener a change perceptuel towards the antagonists like a form of
identification with the aggressor (Mucchieli, to
see Volkoff, 1986). The authorities are perceived
increasingly weak and irresponsible, while the agents of subversion appear
more powerful and more convinced of their cause (Mucchieli,
to see Volkoff, 1986). The public opinion will
waver one day on the side of the subversive agents. Without forgetting that
the subversive groups can use the misinformation and propaganda in the
newspapers and the radios their pertaining to reinforce the handling of the
public opinion.
Moreover,
to reach key groups, the subversive agents can use several techniques in
addition to the handling of the media of mass: 1 to intensify the
legitimate claims, the needs or the ideology of the indicated groups, 2 to
force under groups being presented in the form of a champion of the
interests of the group (model) to make direct actions, 3 mobilization of
the group if there is attack perpetrated against a member of the group and
finally, 4 the technique provoquation-repression-call
with the unit against repression (Mucchieli, to
see Volkoff, 1986). This last technique is done
in four times: 1 act of armed robbery to force the authority to be
repressive, 2 repression of the authority which the actor must make
perceive like a collective threat for the group, 3 increased the level of
violence of the actions in order to increase repression in a circular way
and 4 call to the common face against repression by making feel guilty the
authority and by justifying the acts of armed robberies of the departure (Mucchieli, to see Volkoff,
1986).
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